Who was the founder of the Muslim League?
a) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
b) Allama Iqbal
c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Answer: c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

What was the goal of the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Gandhi in 1920?
a) Boycott of British goods
b) Demand for full independence
c) Civil disobedience
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

Who led the Salt March in 1930?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Subhas Chandra Bose
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: c) Mahatma Gandhi

What was the role of the Indian National Army (INA) in India’s struggle for independence?
a) Fighting against the British in World War II
b) Leading the Quit India Movement
c) Advocating for nonviolent resistance
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Fighting against the British in World War II

When did India become independent?
a) 1945
b) 1946
c) 1947
d) 1948
Answer: c) 1947

What was the significance of the Indian Independence Act of 1947?
a) It granted India and Pakistan independence from British rule
b) It established a federal system of government in India
c) It provided for the creation of a Hindu state in India
d) All of the above
Answer: a) It granted India and Pakistan independence from British rule

Who coined the term “Swaraj”?
a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

What was the significance of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919?
a) It led to the formation of the Indian National Congress
b) It sparked widespread protests and increased Indian nationalist sentiment
c) It marked the end of British rule in India
d) None of the above
Answer: b) It sparked widespread protests and increased Indian nationalist sentiment

What was the main goal of the Swadeshi Movement?
a) Boycott of foreign goods and promotion of Indian-made goods
b) Demand for immediate independence
c) Establishment of a socialist economy
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Boycott of foreign goods and promotion of Indian-made goods

Who were the “untouchables” in Indian society?
a) People who were below the poverty line
b) People who were discriminated against based on their caste
c) People who were involved in criminal activities
d) None of the above
Answer: b) People who were discriminated against based on their caste

Who was the first Indian to be appointed as the Governor-General of India?
a) C. Rajagopalachari
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Lord Mountbatten
d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: a) C. Rajagopalachari

Who was the first woman to become the Prime Minister of India?
a) Indira Gandhi
b) Sarojini Naidu
c) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
d) Pratibha Patil
Answer: a) Indira Gandhi

What was the Green Revolution?
a) A movement for environmental conservation in India
b) An initiative to promote organic farming in India
c) A program to increase agricultural productivity through modern farming techniques
d) None of the above
Answer: c) A program to increase agricultural productivity through modern farming techniques

Who was the founder of the Arya Samaj?
a) Swami Vivekananda
b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
c) Dayanand Saraswati
d) Ramakrishna Paramhansa
Answer: c) Dayanand Saraswati

What was the main objective of the Panchsheel agreement signed between India and China in 1954?
a) To resolve the border dispute between the two countries
b) To promote economic cooperation and cultural exchange
c) To establish a military alliance against the Western powers
d) None of the above
Answer: b) To promote economic cooperation and cultural exchange

Who was the first Indian to win a Nobel Prize?
a) Rabindranath Tagore
b) C.V. Raman
c) Amartya Sen
d) Subramanian Chandrasekhar
Answer: a) Rabindranath Tagore

What was the significance of the Emergency declared by Indira Gandhi in 1975?
a) It suspended democracy and civil liberties in India
b) It marked the beginning of economic reforms in India
c) It led to the formation of the Janata Party
d) None of the above
Answer: a) It suspended democracy and civil liberties in India

Who was the founder of the Indian Constitution?
a) B.R. Ambedkar
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
d) Rajendra Prasad
Answer: a) B.R. Ambedkar

What was the Bofors scandal?
a) A corruption scandal involving the purchase of defense equipment from Sweden
b) A political scandal involving the misuse of government funds
c) An environmental scandal involving the release of toxic waste into a river
d) None of the above
Answer: a) A corruption scandal involving the purchase of defense equipment from Sweden

What was the significance of the Mandal Commission report in 1980?
a) It recommended affirmative action for socially and economically backward classes
b) It proposed a new economic policy for India
c) It called for a review of India’s foreign policy
d) None of the above
Answer: a) It recommended affirmative action for socially and economically backward classes

In this article, we will explore NCERT Class 8 History Chapter 9, “The Making of Nationalisation.” This chapter is an important milestone in the Indian national movement, where we will examine how the ideas of nationalism were developed and how they became a driving force for Indian independence.

We will cover several topics in this article, including the origins of the national movement, the role of leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, and the various phases of the Indian national movement.

Origins of the National Movement

The Indian national movement was a long and complex process that had its origins in the 19th century. The British colonial rule had a profound impact on Indian society, leading to the emergence of a new class of Indians who were educated and aware of the world outside India.

One of the earliest expressions of Indian nationalism was the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885. The Congress aimed to promote Indian interests and to create a united front against British colonial rule.

Role of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi was one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian national movement. He was a champion of non-violent resistance, and his philosophy of Satyagraha (truth force) became a guiding principle for the Indian national movement.

Gandhi’s leadership had a profound impact on the Indian national movement. He inspired millions of Indians to join the struggle for independence, and his tactics of non-violent resistance and civil disobedience helped to bring about significant changes in British colonial policies.

Phases of the Indian National Movement

The Indian national movement can be divided into several phases, each with its distinct characteristics and objectives.

The first phase of the national movement (1885-1905) was marked by the formation of the Indian National Congress and the emergence of leaders such as Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

The second phase of the national movement (1905-1919) was marked by several significant events, including the partition of Bengal in 1905, the emergence of Muslim separatism, and the growth of extremist nationalism.

The third phase of the national movement (1919-1939) was marked by several significant events, including the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919, the Non-Cooperation Movement, and the Civil Disobedience Movement.

The fourth and final phase of the national movement (1939-1947) was marked by the Quit India Movement and the eventual attainment of independence in 1947.

Conclusion

In conclusion, NCERT Class 8 History Chapter 9, “The Making of Nationalisation,” is a fascinating exploration of the Indian national movement. In this article, we have examined the origins of the national movement, the role of Mahatma Gandhi, and the various phases of the Indian national movement.

It is essential to understand the history of the Indian national movement to appreciate the struggles and sacrifices of our forefathers. The Indian national movement is a testament to the power of the human spirit and the determination to fight against oppression and injustice.

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