Class 12 Geography Minerals and Energy Resources MCQ

1. What are the two main categories of minerals based on chemical and physical properties?

(a) Metallic and Non-metallic

(b) Ferrous and Non-ferrous

(d) Iron and Copper

Answer

Answer: (a) Metallic and Non-metallic

2. Which minerals are included in the category of metallic minerals?

(a) Coal and Petroleum

(b) Iron ore, copper, gold

(d) Fossil fuels

Answer

Answer: (b) Iron ore, copper, gold

3. What is the meaning of “ferrous” in the context of metallic minerals?

(a) Metallic minerals with iron content

(b) Metallic minerals without iron content

(d) Inorganic metallic minerals

Answer

Answer: (a) Metallic minerals with iron content

4. Which of the following is a non-ferrous metallic mineral?

(a) Iron ore

(b) Copper

(d) Zinc

Answer

Answer: (b) Copper

5. What type of minerals are fossil fuels?

(a) Ferrous minerals

(b) Non-metallic minerals

(d) Inorganic minerals

Answer

Answer: (c) Organic minerals

6. Which characteristic is mentioned as the third main characteristic of minerals?

(a) Even distribution

(b) Immediate replenishment

(d) Misuse

Answer

Answer: (c) Geologically developed

7. What is the relationship between the quality and quantity of minerals?

(a) Direct relationship

(b) Inverse relationship

(d) Variable relationship

Answer

Answer: (b) Inverse relationship

8. What is the term used for minerals derived from buried animal and plant life?

(a) Fossil minerals

(b) Metallic minerals

(d) Inorganic minerals

Answer

Answer: (c) Organic minerals

9. Which of the following is an inorganic non-metallic mineral?

(a) Mica

(b) Coal

(d) Zinc

Answer

Answer: (a) Mica

10. What do good quality minerals have in terms of quantity?

(a) More quantity

(b) Less quantity

(d) Variable quantity

Answer

Answer: (b) Less quantity

11. What is the main reason for the need to conserve minerals?

(a) To increase quantity

(b) To prevent geologic development

(d) They have immediate replenishment

Answer

Answer: (c) They are exhaustible over time

12. What is the term used for minerals with iron content?

(a) Ferrous minerals

(b) Non-ferrous minerals

(d) Inorganic minerals

Answer

Answer: (a) Ferrous minerals

13. Which category includes minerals like mica, limestone, and graphite?

(a) Metallic minerals

(b) Ferrous minerals

(d) Non-metallic minerals

Answer

Answer: (d) Non-metallic minerals

14. What is the term used for minerals that cannot be replenished immediately at the time of need?

(a) Renewable minerals

(b) Non-exhaustible minerals

(d) Exhaustible minerals

Answer

Answer: (d) Exhaustible minerals

15. What is the main message about the utilization of minerals based on the content?

(a) They should be immediately replenished

(b) They should be misused

(d) They have unlimited quantity

Answer

Answer: (c) They should be conserved

1. Where do most of the metallic minerals in India occur?

(a) Gangetic Plains

(b) Deccan Plateau

(d) Himalayan Region

Answer

Answer: (c) Peninsular Plateau

2. In which valleys do over 97 per cent of coal reserves occur in India?

(a) Ganges and Brahmaputra

(b) Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi, and Godavari

(d) Indus and Chenab

Answer

Answer: (b) Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi, and Godavari

3. In which sedimentary basins are petroleum reserves located in India?

(a) Ganges Basin

(b) Yamuna Basin

(d) Assam, Gujarat, and Mumbai High

Answer

Answer: (d) Assam, Gujarat, and Mumbai High

4. In which basins have new petroleum reserves been located?

(a) Yamuna and Ganges

(b) Krishna-Godavari and Kaveri

(d) Indus and Chenab

Answer

Answer: (b) Krishna-Godavari and Kaveri

5. In which region do most major mineral resources occur in India?

(a) Western Himalayas

(b) Gangetic Plains

(d) East of a line linking Mangaluru and Kanpur

Answer

Answer: (d) East of a line linking Mangaluru and Kanpur

6. Which belt covers Chhotanagpur, Odisha Plateau, West Bengal, and parts of Chhattisgarh?

(a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

(b) South-Western Plateau Region

(d) Himalayan Belt

Answer

Answer: (a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

7. Why is the major iron and steel industry located in the North-Eastern Plateau Region?

(a) Presence of gold deposits

(b) Variety of minerals including iron ore

(d) Proximity to coastal areas

Answer

Answer: (b) Variety of minerals including iron ore

8. Which minerals are rich in the South-Western Plateau Region?

(a) Gold and Silver

(b) Ferrous metals and bauxite

(d) Manganese and limestone

Answer

Answer: (b) Ferrous metals and bauxite

9. Which state in the South-Western Plateau Region does not lacks coal deposits?

(a) Kerala

(b) Tamil Nadu

(d) Goa

Answer

Answer: (a) Kerala

10. What do Kerala and Goa have in terms of mineral deposits?

(a) Gold and Silver

(b) Monazite and Thorium, Iron ore

(d) Manganese and limestone

Answer

Answer: (b) Monazite and Thorium, Iron ore

11. Which belt extends along Aravali in Rajasthan and part of Gujarat?

(a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

(b) South-Western Plateau Region

(d) Himalayan Belt

Answer

Answer: (c) North-Western Region

12. Which minerals are associated with the Dharwar system of rocks in the North-Western Region?

(a) Gold and Silver

(b) Copper and Zinc

(d) Monazite and Thorium

Answer

Answer: (b) Copper and Zinc

13. What do Rajasthan and Gujarat have rich sources of?

(a) Iron ore and Coal

(b) Building stones and Petroleum

(d) Salt

Answer

Answer: (b) Building stones and Petroleum

14. Which belt is another mineral belt where copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, and tungsten are known to occur?

(a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

(b) South-Western Plateau Region

(d) Himalayan Belt

Answer

Answer: (d) Himalayan Belt

15. In which region are copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, and tungsten known to occur?

(a) Eastern Himalayas

(b) Western Himalayas

(d) Both (a) & (b)

Answer

Answer: (d) Both (a) & (b)

16. In which region do copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, and tungsten occur on both the eastern and western parts?

(a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

(b) South-Western Plateau Region

(d) Himalayan Belt

Answer

Answer: (d) Himalayan Belt

17. Where do mineral oil deposits occur in India?

(a) North-Eastern Plateau Region

(b) South-Western Plateau Region

(d) Gangetic Plains

Answer

Answer: (c) Assam Valley

18. Where are oil resources found in off-shore areas near the coast in India?

(a) Eastern Coast

(b) Western Coast

(d) Northern Coast

Answer

Answer: (b) Western Coast

19. What mineral resources are found in the valleys of Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi, and Godavari?

(a) Copper and Gold

(b) Iron ore and Coal

(d) Bauxite and Mica

Answer

Answer: (b) Iron ore and Coal

20. In which region is the North-Eastern Plateau located?

(a) Eastern Himalayas

(b) Deccan Plateau

(d) Western Himalayas

Answer

Answer: (b) Deccan Plateau

1. Which mineral provides a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries?

(a) Iron ore

(b) Manganese

(d) Haematite

Answer

Answer: (a) Iron ore

2. In which region of the country are the iron ore mines located in close proximity to the coal fields?

(a) Western Himalayas

(b) Gangetic Plains

(d) Peninsular Plateau

Answer

Answer: (c) North-Eastern Plateau Region

3. In which states are about 95 per cent of total reserves of iron ore located?

(a) Punjab and Haryana

(b) Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh

(d) Rajasthan and Gujarat

Answer

Answer: (b) Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh

4. In which hill ranges in Odisha does iron ore occur?

(a) Aravali

(b) Himalayas

(d) Western Ghats

Answer

Answer: (c) Sundergarh, Mayurbhanj, Jhar

5. Which districts in Jharkhand have some of the oldest iron ore mines?

(a) Ranchi and Jamshedpur

(b) Poorbi and Pashchimi Singhbhum

(d) Belagavi and North Canara

Answer

Answer: (b) Poorbi and Pashchimi Singhbhum

6. Which area in Karnataka has iron ore deposits?

(a) Western Ghats

(b) Baba Budan hills and Kudremukh

(d) Dharwar, Ballari, Belagavi

Answer

Answer: (d) Dharwar, Ballari, Belagavi

7. Which state has deposits of monazite and thorium in addition to iron ore?

(a) Kerala

(b) Maharashtra

(d) Telangana

Answer

Answer: (a) Kerala

8. Which state is the leading producer of manganese in India?

(a) Karnataka

(b) Maharashtra

(d) Telangana

Answer

1. Which non-ferrous metallic mineral is India poorly endowed with, except for bauxite?

(a) Copper

(b) Aluminium

(c) Gold

(d) Silver

Answer

Answer: (a) Copper

2. What is bauxite used for in manufacturing?
(a) Steel

(b) Aluminium

(c) Copper

(d) Gold

Answer

Answer: (b) Aluminium

3. Which state is the largest producer of bauxite in India?
(a) Karnataka

(b) Odisha

(c) Maharashtra

(d) Gujarat

Answer

Answer: (b) Odisha

4. In which district of Jharkhand do copper deposits mainly occur?
(a) Ranchi

(b) Dhanbad

(c) Singhbhum

(d) Bokaro

Answer

Answer: (c) Singhbhum

5. What is copper mainly used for in the electrical industry?
(a) Making jewellery

(b) Manufacturing steel

(c) Making wires and electric motors

(d) Building construction

Answer

Answer: (c) Making wires and electric motors

6. Which districts in Gujarat have major deposits of bauxite?
(a) Bhavnagar and Jamnagar

(b) Ahmedabad and Vadodara

(c) Surat and Rajkot

(d) Gandhinagar and Anand

Answer

Answer: (a) Bhavnagar and Jamnagar

7. In which state is Nellore district that produces the best quality mica?
(a) Karnataka

(b) Andhra Pradesh

(c) Rajasthan

(d) Tamil Nadu

Answer

Answer: (b) Andhra Pradesh

8. In which belt in Rajasthan does the mica belt extend?
(a) Aravali

(b) Thar

(c) Vindhya

(d) Satpura

Answer

Answer: (a) Aravali

9. Which district in Karnataka has mica deposits?
(a) Mysuru

(b) Bangalore

(c) Hubli

(d) Mangalore

Answer

Answer: (a) Mysuru

10. What is the primary use of mica in the electrical and electronic industries ?
(a) Making jewellery

(b) Building construction

(c) Splitting into thin sheets for various applications

(d) Manufacturing steel

Answer

Answer: (c) Splitting into thin sheets for various applications

11. In which state is Alleppey located, known for its mica deposits?
(a) Kerala

(b) Maharashtra

(c) West Bengal

(d) Tamil Nadu

Answer

Answer: (a) Kerala

12. Which minerals are extracted for local consumption among the non-metallic minerals produced in India?
(a) Copper and Gold

(b) Limestone, Dolomite, and Phosphate

(c) Aluminium and Silver

(d) Bauxite and Chromite

Answer

Answer: (b) Limestone, Dolomite, and Phosphate

13. Which district in Jharkhand has rich deposits of high-quality mica?
(a) Ranchi

(b) Dhanbad

(c) Hazaribagh

(d) Singhbhum

Answer

Answer: (c) Hazaribagh

14. Which belt extends for about 320 kms from Jaipur to Bhilwara in Rajasthan?
(a) Thar Belt

(b) Vindhya Belt

(c) Aravali Belt

(d) Satpura Belt

Answer

Answer: (c) Aravali Belt

15. In which district of Maharashtra are important producers of mica located?
(a) Pune

(b) Mumbai

(c) Nagpur

(d) Ratnagiri

Answer

Answer: (d) Ratnagiri

16. Which district in Tamil Nadu is a minor producer of bauxite?
(a) Chennai

(b) Coimbatore

(c) Tiruchirapalli

(d) Madurai

Answer

Answer: (c) Tiruchirapalli

17. In which belt of Madhya Pradesh does the manganese belt extend?
(a) Thar Belt

(b) Vindhya Belt

(c) Satpura Belt

(d) Malwa Plateau Belt

Answer

Answer: (b) Vindhya Belt

18. In which district of Telangana are manganese deposits found?
(a) Warangal

(b) Hyderabad

(c) Karimnagar

(d) Nizamabad

Answer

Answer: (c) Karimnagar

19. Which non-ferrous metallic mineral is mentioned as the important one among those produced in India?
(a) Copper

(b) Gold

(c) Aluminium

(d) Mica

Answer

Answer: (d) Mica

20. What is the primary use of copper in the electrical industry?
(a) Making jewellery

(b) Manufacturing steel

(c) Making wires and electric motors

(d) Building construction

Answer

Answer: (c) Making wires and electric motors

1. What are the conventional sources of energy mentioned in the passage?
(a) Solar and wind energy

(b) Fossil fuels and nuclear energy minerals

(c) Hydro and geothermal energy

(d) Biomass and tidal energy

Answer

Answer: (b) Fossil fuels and nuclear energy minerals

2. Which coal field is the largest in India?
(a) Raniganj

(b) Jharia

(c) Damodar Valley

(d) Bokaro

Answer

Answer: (b) Jharia

3. In which state is the Singrauli coal field located?
(a) Chhattisgarh

(b) Madhya Pradesh

(c) Odisha

(d) Jharkhand

Answer

Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh

4. What are the primary by-products of crude petroleum?
(a) Steel and rubber

(b) Fertilizer and synthetic fiber

(c) Gold and medicines

(d) Aluminium and wax

Answer

Answer: (b) Fertilizer and synthetic fiber

5. Which state in India has major gas reserves in the Mumbai High region?
(a) Gujarat

(b) Maharashtra

(c) Tamil Nadu

(d) Karnataka

Answer

Answer: (b) Maharashtra

6. What is the primary use of natural gas in India?
(a) Cooking fuel (PNG)

(b) Manufacturing steel

(c) Power sector to generate electricity

(d) Raw material in chemical industries

Answer

Answer: (a) Cooking fuel (PNG)

7. What are the non-renewable energy sources mentioned in the passage?
(a) Solar, wind, hydro, and biomass

(b) Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear energy

(c) Geothermal, tidal, and nuclear energy

(d) Fossil fuels, wind, and solar

Answer

Answer: (b) Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear energy

8. Which rocks are mentioned in the context of uranium deposits?
(a) Gondwana

(b) Dharwar

(c) Tertiary

(d) Sedimentary

Answer

Answer: (b) Dharwar

9. Which state is mentioned as having greater potential for solar energy development?
(a) Maharashtra

(b) Rajasthan

(c) Gujarat

(d) Tamil Nadu

Answer

Answer: (b) Rajasthan

10. What is the primary advantage of solar thermal technology mentioned in the passage?
(a) Cost competitiveness

(b) Environmental friendliness

(c) Easy construction

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

11. In which region of India do favourable conditions for wind energy exist?
(a) Northern plains

(b) Western Ghats

(c) Eastern coast

(d) Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Karnataka

Answer

Answer: (d) Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Karnataka

12. Which project is mentioned as a nuclear power project in Uttar Pradesh?
(a) Tarapur

(b) Rawatbhata

(c) Kalpakkam

(d) Narora

Answer

Answer: (d) Narora

13. What is the nickname given to petroleum in the passage?
(a) Black gold

(b) Liquid gold

(c) Green gold

(d) Gold rush

Answer

Answer: (b) Liquid gold

14. In which period were oil exploration and production systematically taken up in India?
(a) 1948

(b) 1956

(c) 1973

(d) 1967

Answer

Answer: (b) 1956

15. Which coastal areas have brown coal or lignite deposits?
(a) West Bengal and Odisha

(b) Maharashtra and Gujarat

(c) Tamil Nadu and Puducherry

(d) Kerala and Karnataka

Answer

Answer: (b) Maharashtra and Gujarat

16. What is the primary use of coal mentioned in the passage?
(a) Cooking fuel

(b) Power generation and iron ore smelting

(c) Fertilizer production

(d) Petroleum refining

Answer

Answer: (b) Power generation and iron ore smelting

17. What is the term used for wind energy harnessed from permanent wind systems?
(a) Breezy energy

(b) Seasonal wind energy

(c) Local wind energy

(d) Conventional wind energy

Answer

Answer: (b) Seasonal wind energy

18. Which rocks are mentioned in the context of thorium deposits?
(a) Gondwana

(b) Dharwar

(c) Tertiary

(d) Sedimentary

Answer

Answer: (c) Tertiary

19. Where is the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre located?
(a) Tarapur

(b) Kalpakkam

(c) Trombay

(d) Rawatbhata

Answer

Answer: (c) Trombay

1. What is the primary focus of the energy discussed in the passage?
(a) Solar Energy

(b) Tidal and Wave Energy

(c) Geothermal Energy

(d) Bio-energy

Answer

Answer: (b) Tidal and Wave Energy

2. Which country is mentioned as having great potential for the development of tidal energy along its coasts?
(a) Brazil

(b) India

(c) Australia

(d) Canada

Answer

Answer: (b) India

3. What is the key energy source mentioned that can be developed as an alternate source?
(a) Solar Energy

(b) Wind Energy

(c) Geothermal Energy

(d) Hydroelectric Energy

Answer

Answer: (c) Geothermal Energy

4. Where was the first successful attempt to tap underground heat made in 1890?
(a) Manikaran

(b) Delhi

(c) Boise, Idaho (U.S.A.)

(d) Himachal Pradesh

Answer

Answer: (c) Boise, Idaho (U.S.A.)

5. Which Indian state has a commissioned geothermal energy plant at Manikaran?
(a) Maharashtra

(b) Himachal Pradesh

(c) Gujarat

(d) Rajasthan

Answer

Answer: (b) Himachal Pradesh

6. What type of energy does bio-energy refer to?
(a) Wind Energy

(b) Nuclear Energy

(c) Energy derived from biological products

(d) Solar Energy

Answer

Answer: (c) Energy derived from biological products

7. What is the potential source of energy conversion mentioned in the context of bio-energy?
(a) Electrical Energy

(b) Heat Energy

(c) Gas for cooking

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

8. Which project is mentioned as converting municipal waste into energy?
(a) Okhla in Gujarat

(b) Okhla in Maharashtra

(c) Okhla in Delhi

(d) Okhla in Rajasthan

Answer

Answer: (c) Okhla in Delhi

1. What is the primary challenge addressed in the passage?
(a) Economic development

(b) Environmental concerns

(c) Conservation of mineral resources

(d) Use of alternative energy sources

Answer

Answer: (c) Conservation of mineral resources

2. What does sustainable development require according to the passage?
(a) Generating more waste

(b) Protection of resources for future generations

(c) Increased use of exhaustible resources

(d) Ignoring environmental problems

Answer

Answer: (b) Protection of resources for future generations

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an alternative energy source in the passage?
(a) Solar power

(b) Wind energy

(c) Fossil fuels

(d) Geothermal energy

Answer

Answer: (c) Fossil fuels

4. What is suggested as a method for recycling metallic minerals in the passage?
(a) Export of minerals

(b) Use of substitutes

(c) Use of scrap metals

(d) Extraction of new minerals

Answer

Answer: (c) Use of scrap metals

5. Which metals, with meager reserves in India, are specifically mentioned for the use of scrap?
(a) Gold and silver

(b) Copper, lead, and zinc

(c) Iron and steel

(d) Aluminum and magnesium

Answer

Answer: (b) Copper, lead, and zinc

6. What is mentioned as a way to reduce the consumption of scarce metals?
(a) Increase their export

(b) Develop new reserves

(c) Use of substitutes

(d) Ignore their scarcity

Answer

Answer: (c) Use of substitutes

7. What action does the passage suggest regarding the export of strategic and scarce minerals?
(a) Increase export

(b) Maintain current export levels

(c) Reduce export

(d) No action is suggested

Answer

Answer: (c) Reduce export