India: Size and Location – Class 9 SST Notes

📚 India: Size and Location – Class 9 SST Notes

📖 Table of Contents

📘 Important Notes (India: Size and Location)

India lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere.
Latitudinal extent: 8°4’N to 37°6’N.
Longitudinal extent: 68°7’E to 97°25’E.
Tropic of Cancer (23°30’N) divides the country into two equal halves.
Area: 3.28 million sq. km (2.4% of the world’s land area).
7th largest country in the world.
Land boundary: 15,200 km; Coastline: 7,516.6 km.
Standard Meridian: 82°30’E (passes through Mirzapur, UP).
Neighboring countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar.
Island groups: Lakshadweep (Arabian Sea), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Bay of Bengal).
Maritime neighbors: Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Strategic location in the Indian Ocean benefits maritime trade.

📝 Multiple Choice Questions (25)

The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through:
- (a) Rajasthan (b) Odisha (c) Chhattisgarh (d) Tripura
  ✅ Ans: (b) Odisha
India’s easternmost longitude is:
- (a) 97°25’E (b) 68°7’E (c) 77°6’E (d) 82°30’E
  ✅ Ans: (a) 97°25’E
Which country is India’s maritime neighbor to the south-east?
- (a) Maldives (b) Sri Lanka (c) Bangladesh (d) Myanmar
  ✅ Ans: (b) Sri Lanka
What is India’s rank in terms of land area globally?
- (a) 6th (b) 7th (c) 8th (d) 9th
  ✅ Ans: (b) 7th
The Standard Meridian of India is:
- (a) 23°30’N (b) 68°7’E (c) 82°30’E (d) 97°25’E
  ✅ Ans: (c) 82°30’E
The total coastline of India is:
- (a) 5,000 km (b) 7,516.6 km (c) 15,200 km (d) 2,400 km
  ✅ Ans: (b) 7,516.6 km
The southernmost point of India is:
- (a) Kanyakumari (b) Indira Point (c) Kochi (d) Lakshadweep
  ✅ Ans: (b) Indira Point
Which island group lies in the Arabian Sea?
- (a) Andaman (b) Nicobar (c) Lakshadweep (d) Maldives
  ✅ Ans: (c) Lakshadweep
India shares its longest border with:
- (a) China (b) Nepal (c) Pakistan (d) Bangladesh
  ✅ Ans: (d) Bangladesh
What is the total land boundary of India?
- (a) 7,000 km (b) 10,000 km (c) 15,200 km (d) 5,000 km
  ✅ Ans: (c) 15,200 km
The Tropic of Cancer passes through how many Indian states?
- (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 9
  ✅ Ans: (d) 9
India lies in the ______ Hemisphere.
- (a) Eastern (b) Western (c) Southern (d) Northern
  ✅ Ans: (d) Northern
What is the significance of 82°30’E longitude?
- (a) International border (b) Time standard (c) Equator (d) Border with Nepal
  ✅ Ans: (b) Time standard
Which country is NOT India’s neighbor?
- (a) Myanmar (b) Bhutan (c) Thailand (d) Afghanistan
  ✅ Ans: (c) Thailand
India is located in which continent?
- (a) Europe (b) Africa (c) Asia (d) Australia
  ✅ Ans: (c) Asia
Which Indian city does the Standard Meridian pass through?
- (a) Allahabad (b) Bhopal (c) Mirzapur (d) Varanasi
  ✅ Ans: (c) Mirzapur
Andaman & Nicobar Islands lie in which sea?
- (a) Arabian Sea (b) Indian Ocean (c) Bay of Bengal (d) Red Sea
  ✅ Ans: (c) Bay of Bengal
Which island nation lies to the south of India?
- (a) Maldives (b) Nepal (c) Bhutan (d) Myanmar
  ✅ Ans: (a) Maldives
The latitude that divides India into two parts is:
- (a) 23°30’N (b) 0° (c) 82°30’E (d) 37°6’N
  ✅ Ans: (a) 23°30’N
What is the time difference between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh?
- (a) 1 hour (b) 2 hours (c) 30 minutes (d) 3 hours
  ✅ Ans: (b) 2 hours
How many countries share land boundaries with India?
- (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 9
  ✅ Ans: (c) 7
Which Indian state is the easternmost?
- (a) Arunachal Pradesh (b) Assam (c) Sikkim (d) Nagaland
  ✅ Ans: (a) Arunachal Pradesh
Which of the following countries shares the shortest boundary with India?
- (a) Afghanistan (b) Bhutan (c) Nepal (d) China
  ✅ Ans: (a) Afghanistan
Which ocean is named after India?
- (a) Pacific (b) Atlantic (c) Arctic (d) Indian
  ✅ Ans: (d) Indian
Which country lies to the west of India?
- (a) Bangladesh (b) Myanmar (c) Pakistan (d) China
  ✅ Ans: (c) Pakistan

✍️ Fill in the Blanks (10)

The southernmost point of India is _______.
✅ Ans: Indira Point
The Tropic of Cancer divides India into ________ parts.
✅ Ans: two
India’s total land area is ________ million sq. km.
✅ Ans: 3.28
India shares its longest land border with ________.
✅ Ans: Bangladesh
India is located in the ________ Hemisphere.
✅ Ans: Northern
The ________ lies to the west of India.
✅ Ans: Pakistan
________ is the standard meridian of India.
✅ Ans: 82°30’E
India has a total of ________ km coastline.
✅ Ans: 7,516.6
Andaman & Nicobar Islands lie in the ________.
✅ Ans: Bay of Bengal
The ________ passes through the middle of India at 23°30’N.
✅ Ans: Tropic of Cancer

📌 Very Short Answer Type Questions (20)

What is the latitudinal extent of India?
✅ Ans: 8°4’N to 37°6’N
What is the longitudinal extent of India?
✅ Ans: 68°7’E to 97°25’E
Name the line dividing India into two parts.
✅ Ans: Tropic of Cancer
What is India’s area in million sq. km?
✅ Ans: 3.28
Which state does the Standard Meridian pass through?
✅ Ans: Uttar Pradesh (Mirzapur)
What is the time difference across India’s longitudinal extent?
✅ Ans: 2 hours
Which ocean is named after India?
✅ Ans: Indian Ocean
Name the smallest Union Territory of India.
✅ Ans: Lakshadweep
What is India’s position in terms of area globally?
✅ Ans: 7th
Which Indian island group is located in the Arabian Sea?
✅ Ans: Lakshadweep
Which country shares the longest border with India?
✅ Ans: Bangladesh
Name two countries that share sea borders with India.
✅ Ans: Sri Lanka and Maldives
What is the total land boundary of India?
✅ Ans: 15,200 km
In which direction is Arunachal Pradesh from Gujarat?
✅ Ans: East
Name one country to the north of India.
✅ Ans: China
Which Indian state is closest to the Equator?
✅ Ans: Kerala
What is the importance of the Tropic of Cancer for India?
✅ Ans: Divides India into two climatic zones
What is the location of Indira Point?
✅ Ans: Great Nicobar Island
Which Indian state lies at the westernmost point?
✅ Ans: Gujarat
What is the longitude of Indian Standard Time?
✅ Ans: 82°30’E

✒️ Short Answer Type Questions (10)

Why does India have a time lag of two hours between its western and eastern parts?
✅ Ans: Due to the longitudinal extent of about 30°, there is a 2-hour difference in local time between westernmost and easternmost India.
What is the significance of India’s location?
✅ Ans: It helps in establishing trade and cultural relations with other countries.
What is the role of the Indian Ocean in India’s trade?
✅ Ans: It provides a strategic route connecting Europe, Africa, and Asia for maritime trade.
Explain the importance of the Standard Meridian of India.
✅ Ans: It helps maintain uniform standard time across the country.
How does India’s size compare with other countries?
✅ Ans: India is the 7th largest country in terms of area and 2nd in population.
Why is the difference in local time 2 hours between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat?
✅ Ans: Due to 30° longitudinal difference (1° = 4 minutes).
What are the advantages of India’s central location in Asia?
✅ Ans: Facilitates access to East and West Asia and helps in international trade.
Name all the neighboring countries of India.
✅ Ans: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar.
Why is the Indian Ocean named after India?
✅ Ans: Due to India’s prominent location and historical maritime presence in the region.
What is the significance of India’s coastlines?
✅ Ans: It enables maritime trade and naval access to global routes.

🖊️ Long Answer Type Questions (5)

Explain India’s location and its implications on international trade. ✅ Ans: India’s central location in the Indian Ocean enables easy access to Europe, Africa, and East Asia, enhancing maritime trade and cultural exchange. It also connects major international sea routes and provides strategic advantages.
Describe the geographical features that influence India’s contact with the world. ✅ Ans: India’s long coastline, proximity to Middle East and Southeast Asia, and central position in South Asia provide natural links through land and sea for cultural and economic exchanges.
How does India’s geographical location help in maintaining relations with neighboring countries? ✅ Ans: India shares land borders with 7 countries and has maritime neighbors, allowing for strong cultural, economic, and political ties through both land and sea routes.
Write in detail about the Standard Meridian of India. ✅ Ans: The Standard Meridian (82°30’E) is centrally located and passes through Mirzapur, UP. It helps synchronize clocks across the country, reducing time differences.
Discuss the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India and its effect on climate. ✅ Ans: The wide extent from north to south and east to west affects the climate, vegetation, and day-night variations. Northern regions experience extreme winters while southern regions remain moderate.