French Revolution Class 9 – NCERT One-Liner Q&A (Chapter 1)

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French Revolution Class 9 – NCERT One-Liner Q&A (Chapter 1)

Introduction

The French Revolution, a pivotal event in world history, is a significant topic in the Class 9 History curriculum. This post presents concise one-liner question and answers from NCERT Chapter 1, facilitating quick revision and better understanding for students.

📘 French Society in the Late 18th Century

  • Q: What was the Old Regime in France?
    A: The Old Regime referred to the social and political system in France before 1789.
  • Q: Into how many estates was French society divided?
    A: French society was divided into three estates.
  • Q: Who comprised the First Estate?
    A: The First Estate was made up of the clergy.
  • Q: Who were part of the Second Estate?
    A: The Second Estate consisted of the nobility.
  • Q: What groups formed the Third Estate?
    A: The Third Estate included peasants, artisans, and the bourgeoisie.
  • Q: What was ‘tithe’ in pre-revolutionary France?
    A: Tithe was a tax paid to the Church, amounting to one-tenth of the produce.
  • Q: What was the ‘taille’?
    A: Taille was a direct tax paid to the state by the Third Estate.

📘 The Outbreak of the Revolution

  • Q: What event marked the beginning of the French Revolution?
    A: The storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789.
  • Q: What was the Estates-General?
    A: A political body representing the three estates, summoned by the king.
  • Q: Who led the formation of the National Assembly?
    A: Representatives of the Third Estate.
  • Q: What was the Tennis Court Oath?
    A: A pledge by the National Assembly to draft a new constitution.
  • Q: What was the ‘Great Fear’?
    A: A period of panic and riot by peasants amid rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy.
  • Q: What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaim?
    A: It proclaimed freedom and equal rights for all men.
  • Q: What was the significance of the Bastille’s fall?
    A: It symbolized the end of the king’s absolute power.

📘 France Abolishes Monarchy and Becomes a Republic

  • Q: When was the monarchy abolished in France?
    A: On 21 September 1792.
  • Q: What was the Reign of Terror?
    A: A period from 1793 to 1794 marked by mass executions.
  • Q: Who led the Reign of Terror?
    A: Maximilien Robespierre.
  • Q: What was the guillotine?
    A: A device used for executing people by beheading.
  • Q: What happened to Louis XVI during the revolution?
    A: He was tried and executed for treason in January 1793.
  • Q: What was the Convention?
    A: The newly elected assembly that abolished the monarchy.
  • Q: What was the Directory?
    A: A five-member committee that governed France after Robespierre’s fall.

📘 Did Women Have a Revolution?

  • Q: What roles did women play during the French Revolution?
    A: They participated actively, forming clubs and demanding rights.
  • Q: What was the Society of Revolutionary and Republican Women?
    A: A prominent women’s political club in France.
  • Q: What rights did women demand during the revolution?
    A: The right to vote, hold political office, and equal education.
  • Q: Were women granted the right to vote during the revolution?
    A: No, women were denied political rights during that period.
  • Q: When did French women gain the right to vote?
    A: In 1946.
  • Q: What was the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen?
    A: A document written by Olympe de Gouges advocating for women’s rights.
  • Q: What happened to Olympe de Gouges?
    A: She was executed during the Reign of Terror.

📘 The Abolition of Slavery

  • Q: What was the triangular slave trade?
    A: Trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas involving slaves and goods.
  • Q: When was slavery abolished in French colonies?
    A: In 1794.
  • Q: Who reintroduced slavery in French colonies?
    A: Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804.
  • Q: When was slavery finally abolished in French colonies?
    A: In 1848.
  • Q: What role did the Jacobins play regarding slavery?
    A: They abolished slavery in French colonies.
  • Q: What was the impact of the abolition of slavery?
    A: It marked a significant step towards human rights and equality.
  • Q: Which continents were involved in the triangular slave trade?
    A: Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

📘 The Revolution and Everyday Life

  • Q: What change did the revolution bring to censorship?
    A: Censorship was abolished, allowing freedom of the press.
  • Q: What was the significance of the red Phrygian cap?
    A: It symbolized liberty.
  • Q: What did the broken chain symbolize?
    A: The act of becoming free.
  • Q: What was the significance of the winged woman?
    A: It personified the law.
  • Q: What did the Law Tablet symbolize?
    A: That the law is the same for all and all are equal before it.
  • Q: What was the impact of the revolution on education?
    A: Schooling was made compulsory for boys and girls.
  • Q: How did the revolution affect the calendar?
    A: A new calendar was introduced, starting from 1792.

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