Class 10 Chapter 2 Federalism
1. What is federalism?
(A) A system where the central government has all powers
(B) A system where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units
(C) A system where local governments hold most of the power
(D) A system of monarchy
Answer
Answer: (B) A system where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units
2. How many levels of government are usually present in a federal system?
(A) One
(B) Two
(C) Three
(D) Four
Answer
Answer: (B) Two
3. What is a key characteristic of a federal system?
(A) Power is concentrated in the central government
(B) Regional governments depend on the central government
(C) Both central and regional governments have powers independent of each other
(D) Only the regional governments have decision-making authority
Answer
Answer: (C) Both central and regional governments have powers independent of each other
4. Which of the following countries is an example of a ‘coming together’ federation?
(A) India
(B) USA
(C) Belgium
(D) Spain
Answer
Answer: (B) USA
5. What is the main objective of a federal system as described in the document?
(A) To promote regional inequality
(B) To safeguard the unity of the country and accommodate regional diversity
(C) To centralize decision-making
(D) To strengthen the power of the central government
Answer
Answer: (B) To safeguard the unity of the country and accommodate regional diversity
6. Which type of federation is described as one where the central government holds more power?
(A) Coming together federation
(B) Holding together federation
(C) Unitary federation
(D) Regional federation
Answer
Answer: (B) Holding together federation
7. India is an example of which type of federation?
(A) Coming together federation
(B) Holding together federation
(C) Unitary federation
(D) Confederation
Answer
Answer: (B) Holding together federation
8. In a federal system like India’s, which level of government is more powerful?
(A) State government
(B) Local government
(C) Central government
(D) Both central and state governments have specific areas of power
Answer
Answer: (D) Both central and state governments have specific areas of power
9. What is the role of the Constitution in a federal system?
(A) It gives all powers to the central government
(B) It divides powers between the central and state governments
(C) It allows regional governments to overrule the central government
(D) It prevents any form of power-sharing
Answer
Answer: (B) It divides powers between the central and state governments
10. What is the importance of power-sharing in a federal system?
(A) It reduces the powers of state governments
(B) It strengthens both the unity of the country and regional autonomy
(C) It limits the role of regional governments
(D) It gives complete authority to the central government
Answer
Answer: (B) It strengthens both the unity of the country and regional autonomy
11. What is the key feature of the Indian federal system?
(A) Equal powers for all states
(B) Power-sharing between the central and state governments, with more powers to the central government
(C) Complete independence for states
(D) No power-sharing between governments
Answer
Answer: (B) Power-sharing between the central and state governments, with more powers to the central government
12. How are the powers divided between the central and state governments in India?
(A) By mutual agreement between the states
(B) Through the Constitution into three lists: Union, State, and Concurrent
(C) Based on population size
(D) By the Parliament as needed
Answer
Answer: (B) Through the Constitution into three lists: Union, State, and Concurrent
13. Which list in the Indian federal system includes subjects that only the central government can legislate on?
(A) State List
(B) Union List
(C) Concurrent List
(D) Local List
Answer
Answer: (B) Union List
14. Which of the following subjects is part of the State List?
(A) Defense
(B) Education
(C) Police
(D) Foreign affairs
Answer
Answer: (C) Police
15. What happens in case of a conflict between the central and state governments on a subject in the Concurrent List?
(A) The central government’s law prevails
(B) The state government’s law prevails
(C) Both laws are implemented equally
(D) The matter is decided by the judiciary
Answer
Answer: (A) The central government’s law prevails
16. What is the purpose of the Union List in the Indian federal system?
(A) To list subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate
(B) To list subjects on which only the central government can make laws
(C) To list subjects for the local government
(D) To distribute subjects among the states
Answer
Answer: (B) To list subjects on which only the central government can make laws
17. Which of the following subjects is included in the Union List?
(A) Police
(B) Agriculture
(C) Defense
(D) Education
Answer
Answer: (C) Defense
18. What does the State List primarily deal with?
(A) Subjects that the central government controls
(B) Subjects under the jurisdiction of state governments
(C) Subjects of local governance
(D) Subjects shared by both central and state governments
Answer
Answer: (B) Subjects under the jurisdiction of state governments
19. How is the Concurrent List different from the Union and State Lists?
(A) It lists subjects that are under the sole jurisdiction of local governments
(B) It lists subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws
(C) It contains subjects that the state governments control
(D) It contains subjects only the judiciary handles
Answer
Answer: (B) It lists subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws
20. Which authority decides disputes between central and state laws on subjects in the Concurrent List?
(A) State legislatures
(B) Supreme Court of India
(C) Local governments
(D) International courts
Answer
Answer: (B) Supreme Court of India
21. What is the role of the judiciary in the Indian federal system?
(A) To legislate on subjects in the State List
(B) To resolve disputes between the central and state governments
(C) To control state governments
(D) To monitor elections
Answer
Answer: (B) To resolve disputes between the central and state governments
22. In the event of a conflict between state law and central law on a subject in the Concurrent List, which law prevails?
(A) State law
(B) Central law
(C) Both laws are applied equally
(D) The law passed last
Answer
Answer: (B) Central law
23. Which of the following is a feature of the Indian federal system?
(A) A weak central government
(B) Division of powers between the central and state governments
(C) No involvement of state governments in national policies
(D) Power only concentrated at the state level
Answer
Answer: (B) Division of powers between the central and state governments
24. What can the central government do in case of a national emergency?
(A) Suspend the Constitution
(B) Take over the powers of the state governments
(C) Dissolve the judiciary
(D) Appoint new state governments
Answer
Answer: (B) Take over the powers of the state governments
25. Which authority can change the division of powers between the central and state governments?
(A) Local government
(B) Judiciary
(C) Parliament through constitutional amendments
(D) State legislatures
Answer
Answer: (C) Parliament through constitutional amendments
26. What type of government structure does India have, according to the text?
(A) Unitary
(B) Federal
(C) Confederation
(D) Monarchical
Answer
Answer: (B) Federal
27. What was the key reason for adopting a federal system in India?
(A) To centralize power
(B) To accommodate regional diversity and promote unity
(C) To create a weak central government
(D) To reduce state autonomy
Answer
Answer: (B) To accommodate regional diversity and promote unity
28. In which year did India adopt its federal structure under the Constitution?
(A) 1945
(B) 1947
(C) 1950
(D) 1965
Answer
Answer: (C) 1950
29. Which level of government is responsible for subjects listed in the Concurrent List?
(A) Only the central government
(B) Only the state governments
(C) Both the central and state governments
(D) Local governments
Answer
Answer: (C) Both the central and state governments
30. What is one of the challenges of a federal system, as mentioned in the document?
(A) Difficulty in communication between states
(B) Conflicts over the division of powers between central and state governments
(C) Lack of state representation
(D) Over-reliance on local governments
Answer
Answer: (B) Conflicts over the division of powers between central and state governments
31. What does the term ‘cooperative federalism’ refer to in the Indian context?
(A) A system where state governments are more powerful than the central government
(B) A system where the central and state governments work together on common issues
(C) A system that excludes state participation
(D) A system dominated by local governments
Answer
Answer: (B) A system where the central and state governments work together on common issues
32. How do central and state governments collaborate in cooperative federalism?
(A) By ignoring each other’s policies
(B) By sharing responsibilities and jointly implementing schemes
(C) By the central government controlling all state policies
(D) By dividing powers without any coordination
Answer
Answer: (B) By sharing responsibilities and jointly implementing schemes
33. What is one of the areas where the central and state governments collaborate under cooperative federalism?
(A) Defense
(B) Education and health
(C) Foreign policy
(D) National security
Answer
Answer: (B) Education and health
34. Which institution helps resolve financial issues between the central and state governments in India?
(A) Supreme Court
(B) Election Commission
(C) Finance Commission
(D) Parliament
Answer
Answer: (C) Finance Commission
35. What is the role of the Finance Commission in India?
(A) To manage state elections
(B) To allocate funds and resources between the central and state governments
(C) To create laws for local governments
(D) To dissolve state assemblies
Answer
Answer: (B) To allocate funds and resources between the central and state governments
36. What is the main purpose of decentralization in the Indian federal system?
(A) To increase central control over states
(B) To distribute power more effectively to local governments
(C) To eliminate state governments
(D) To reduce the powers of local governments
Answer
Answer: (B) To distribute power more effectively to local governments
37. What significant change was made through the 73rd and 74th amendments to the Indian Constitution?
(A) Increased power to the central government
(B) Establishment of Panchayats and Municipalities as third-tier governments
(C) Dissolution of local governments
(D) Creation of a single-tier government system
Answer
Answer: (B) Establishment of Panchayats and Municipalities as third-tier governments
38. How does decentralization help improve governance?
(A) By removing local governments from decision-making
(B) By bringing decision-making closer to the people at the grassroots level
(C) By increasing state government control
(D) By centralizing power in urban areas
Answer
Answer: (B) By bringing decision-making closer to the people at the grassroots level
39. What is the role of Panchayats in rural areas after decentralization?
(A) To manage foreign relations
(B) To handle local administration and development activities
(C) To implement defense policies
(D) To oversee national-level decisions
Answer
Answer: (B) To handle local administration and development activities
40. What level of government was added by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments?
(A) Central government
(B) State government
(C) Local government
(D) District government
Answer
Answer: (C) Local government
41. What is one of the key objectives of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments?
(A) To centralize decision-making power
(B) To promote local self-governance through Panchayats and Municipalities
(C) To limit the powers of state governments
(D) To dissolve local bodies
Answer
Answer: (B) To promote local self-governance through Panchayats and Municipalities
42. What powers were granted to local governments after the 73rd and 74th amendments?
(A) Control over defense policies
(B) The ability to make decisions on local matters such as sanitation, water supply, and public health
(C) Complete control over national policies
(D) The power to dissolve state assemblies
Answer
Answer: (B) The ability to make decisions on local matters such as sanitation, water supply, and public health
43. Which of the following is a feature of local self-governance introduced by the amendments?
(A) No elections for local bodies
(B) Regular elections for Panchayats and Municipalities
(C) Central government appoints local leaders
(D) State governments directly control all local bodies
Answer
Answer: (B) Regular elections for Panchayats and Municipalities
44. How do Panchayats contribute to rural development?
(A) By managing foreign relations
(B) By overseeing local development projects such as roads, water supply, and schools
(C) By enforcing national defense policies
(D) By controlling the state legislature
Answer
Answer: (B) By overseeing local development projects such as roads, water supply, and schools
45. What is the significance of reserving seats for women in Panchayats and Municipalities?
(A) It limits women’s participation
(B) It ensures representation and participation of women in local governance
(C) It reduces the power of local bodies
(D) It only benefits men
Answer
Answer: (B) It ensures representation and participation of women in local governance
46. What is the significance of local self-government in a federal system?
(A) It centralizes power at the national level
(B) It brings decision-making closer to the people
(C) It weakens state governments
(D) It reduces the role of the central government
Answer
Answer: (B) It brings decision-making closer to the people
47. Which institution is responsible for conducting elections to Panchayats and Municipalities?
(A) Supreme Court of India
(B) Election Commission of India
(C) State Election Commission
(D) Central Government
Answer
Answer: (C) State Election Commission
48. What financial power do Panchayats and Municipalities have after decentralization?
(A) They can impose taxes on local services and resources
(B) They rely solely on central funding
(C) They control state finances
(D) They cannot raise their own funds
Answer
Answer: (A) They can impose taxes on local services and resources
49. What is the role of local self-government in urban areas?
(A) Managing defense policies
(B) Providing services like sanitation, water supply, and street lighting
(C) Overseeing foreign policy
(D) Supervising national economic policies
Answer
Answer: (B) Providing services like sanitation, water supply, and street lighting
50. How do Municipalities contribute to urban development?
(A) By managing international relations
(B) By addressing local infrastructure needs such as roads, waste management, and public transportation
(C) By controlling state budgets
(D) By enforcing military laws
Answer
Answer: (B) By addressing local infrastructure needs such as roads, waste management, and public transportation
51. What is the fundamental feature of federalism?
(A) Power is centralized in the central government
(B) Power is divided between the central authority and various constituent units
(C) Only local governments have power
(D) The judiciary holds all power
Answer
Answer: (B) Power is divided between the central authority and various constituent units
52. Which of the following countries is an example of a ‘coming together’ federation?
(A) India
(B) Spain
(C) United States of America
(D) Belgium
Answer
Answer: (C) United States of America
53. In a federal system, which level of government typically handles subjects of national importance?
(A) Local government
(B) State government
(C) Central government
(D) Municipal government
Answer
Answer: (C) Central government
54. What kind of federation does India represent?
(A) Coming together federation
(B) Holding together federation
(C) Confederation
(D) Unitary system
Answer
Answer: (B) Holding together federation
55. Which constitutional list includes subjects of both national and state interest, where both levels can legislate?
(A) Union List
(B) State List
(C) Concurrent List
(D) Residuary List
Answer
Answer: (C) Concurrent List
56. What is the Concurrent List as per the Indian Constitution?
(A) Subjects where only the Union Government can legislate
(B) Subjects where only the State Government can legislate
(C) Subjects of common interest where both Union and State Governments can legislate
(D) Subjects that are not specified in the Constitution
Answer
Answer: (C) Subjects of common interest where both Union and State Governments can legislate
57. Which of the following is included in the Union List of the Indian Constitution?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Education
(C) Police
(D) Defence
Answer
Answer: (D) Defence
58. Under the Indian federal system, which list contains subjects like trade and commerce?
(A) Union List
(B) State List
(C) Concurrent List
(D) Residuary List
Answer
Answer: (B) State List
59. Which authority in India interprets disputes between the Union and State governments?
(A) President of India
(B) High Courts
(C) Supreme Court
(D) Parliament
Answer
Answer: (C) Supreme Court
60. What power does the Union Government have over subjects not mentioned in any of the three lists?
(A) State Government controls these
(B) They are part of the Concurrent List
(C) Union Government can legislate on these ‘residuary’ subjects
(D) Local governments have authority over these
Answer
Answer: (C) Union Government can legislate on these ‘residuary’ subjects
61. Which country transitioned from a unitary to a federal form of government in 1993?
(A) India
(B) Sri Lanka
(C) Belgium
(D) Pakistan
Answer
Answer: (C) Belgium
62. What is the primary difference between a federal and a unitary system?
(A) Federal systems have only one level of government
(B) Unitary systems have autonomous regional governments
(C) Federal systems divide power between central and state governments
(D) In a unitary system, states have more power than the central government
Answer
Answer: (C) Federal systems divide power between central and state governments
63. In a federal system, which statement is true about the relationship between the central and state governments?
(A) The central government has authority over all state matters
(B) State governments are independent in their own jurisdiction
(C) Central and state governments share the same powers
(D) States can override central laws
Answer
Answer: (B) State governments are independent in their own jurisdiction
64. What was the constitutional change in Belgium’s government structure in 1993?
(A) Introduction of a central governing authority
(B) Establishment of unitary governance
(C) Granting constitutional powers to regional governments
(D) Abolition of state governments
Answer
Answer: (C) Granting constitutional powers to regional governments
65. How is the power structure in Sri Lanka described?
(A) Federal with autonomous states
(B) Federal with central dominance
(C) Unitary with central government holding all powers
(D) Federal with regional independence
Answer
Answer: (C) Unitary with central government holding all powers
66. What is the primary objective of a federal system?
(A) To concentrate power at the central level
(B) To promote unity while accommodating regional diversity
(C) To provide a single level of governance
(D) To eliminate state governments
Answer
Answer: (B) To promote unity while accommodating regional diversity
67. Which of the following is a ‘coming together’ federation?
(A) India
(B) Belgium
(C) United States of America
(D) Spain
Answer
Answer: (C) United States of America
68. What is a key feature of federalism?
(A) Constitutional authority of each government tier is not guaranteed
(B) Sub-units are subordinate to the central government
(C) There are multiple levels of government, each with its jurisdiction
(D) Only one level of government governs the entire population
Answer
Answer: (C) There are multiple levels of government, each with its jurisdiction
69. What determines the balance of power between central and state governments in a federation?
(A) Economic policies
(B) Historical context of the federation’s formation
(C) Population size
(D) Geographical area of the states
Answer
Answer: (B) Historical context of the federation’s formation
70. Which of the following is true about unitary governments?
(A) State governments have more power than the central government
(B) Only one level of government exists or sub-units are subordinate to the central government
(C) Sub-units have independent authority
(D) Power is divided between central and local governments
Answer
Answer: (B) Only one level of government exists or sub-units are subordinate to the central government
71. What are the dual objectives of a federal system?
(A) To centralize power and eliminate state autonomy
(B) To safeguard unity and promote regional diversity
(C) To establish one level of government and eliminate local governments
(D) To provide uniform laws throughout the country
Answer
Answer: (B) To safeguard unity and promote regional diversity
72. What type of federation is the United States an example of?
(A) Holding together federation
(B) Coming together federation
(C) Confederation
(D) Unitary system
Answer
Answer: (B) Coming together federation
73. In a unitary system, which statement is correct?
(A) There is only one level of government or sub-units are subordinate
(B) The state government has more power than the central government
(C) State and central governments have equal power
(D) Local governments have jurisdiction independent of the central government
Answer
Answer: (A) There is only one level of government or sub-units are subordinate
74. Which of the following is a feature of federalism?
(A) There is only one level of government
(B) Sub-units have no legal authority
(C) The constitution specifies the jurisdictions of each level of government
(D) State governments can overrule the central government
Answer
Answer: (C) The constitution specifies the jurisdictions of each level of government
75. How does the constitution ensure financial autonomy for each level of government?
(A) By allowing each level to borrow from international organizations
(B) By specifying sources of revenue for each level
(C) By centralizing all revenue sources
(D) By providing funds only through federal grants
Answer
Answer: (B) By specifying sources of revenue for each level
76. Which list in the Indian Constitution includes subjects of national importance?
(A) State List
(B) Union List
(C) Concurrent List
(D) Local List
Answer
Answer: (B) Union List
77. Who has the power to legislate on subjects that do not fall under the Union, State, or Concurrent Lists?
(A) State Governments
(B) Local Governments
(C) Union Government
(D) Panchayats
Answer
Answer: (C) Union Government
78. What is the role of the Union Government regarding ‘residuary’ subjects?
(A) Share powers with the states
(B) Consult with state governments
(C) Legislate independently
(D) Ignore these subjects
Answer
Answer: (C) Legislate independently
79. Which states in India enjoy special powers under Article 371 due to their social and historical circumstances?
(A) Tamil Nadu and Kerala
(B) Gujarat and Maharashtra
(C) Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram
(D) Punjab and Haryana
Answer
Answer: (C) Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram
80. In case of a legal dispute between the Union and State governments, which body is responsible for making a decision?
(A) Parliament
(B) Supreme Court
(C) State High Court
(D) Union Cabinet
Answer
Answer: (B) Supreme Court
Class 10 Chapter 2 Federalism
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