Class 10 History Chapter 1 – The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Class 10 History Chapter 1: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Question Answers NCERT
- Who visualised the painting of the ‘Union of Nations’ in 1848?
Frédéric Sorrieu visualised the painting of the ‘Union of Nations’ in 1848. - How many paintings were prepared by Frédéric Sorrieu in 1848?
Frédéric Sorrieu prepared a series of four prints in 1848. - Who are shown in the first print of Frédéric Sorrieu’s series?
The first print shows the peoples of America and Europe. - During the French Revolution, in what form did artists portray Liberty?
During the French Revolution, artists portrayed Liberty as a female figure. - How is the Statue of Liberty represented in Sorrieu’s painting?
The Statue of Liberty is represented as a female figure bearing a torch of Enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights of Man in the other. - What is shown scattered on the ground near the statue in Sorrieu’s painting?
The shattered remains of the symbols of absolutist institutions lie scattered on the ground. - What is Utopian vision?
Utopia is Sorrieu’s vision of an ideal and imaginary world that is so perfect that it is unlikely to be real. - How are different national groups identified in the Utopian vision?
Different national groups are identified through their national flags and costumes. - Which countries are leading the procession ahead of the Statue of Liberty?
The United States and Switzerland are leading the procession ahead of the Statue of Liberty. - How is France identified in Sorrieu’s print?
France is identified through the revolutionary tricolour flag. - What is Absolutism?
Absolutism is a system of rule that has no restraints on the power exercised. - Why is Utopia called an idealistic vision?
Utopia is called an idealistic vision because it refers to a society so ideal that it is nearly impossible to realise. - Which country follows France in Sorrieu’s print?
Germany follows France in Sorrieu’s print. - How are the people of Germany identified in the painting?
The people of Germany are shown holding a black, red, and gold flag. - What does the flag held by the German people signify?
The flag held by the German people signifies the liberal hopes of 1848. - What were the liberal hopes symbolised by the German flag in 1848?
The liberal hopes aimed to unify the numerous German-speaking principalities into a nation-state governed by a democratic constitution. - Which nations are shown after Germany in the painting?
Austria, the kingdoms of the Two Sicilies, Lombardy, Poland, England, Ireland, Hungary, and Russia follow Germany in the painting. - Who are shown watching the scene from above in the painting?
Christ, saints, and angels are shown gazing at the scene from above. - How did nationalism emerge during the 19th century?
Nationalism emerged as a force that brought sweeping changes in the political and mental world of Europe. - What was the effect of nationalism on Europe in the 19th century?
The emergence of nationalism led to the rise of nation-states and the spread of nationalist ideas across Europe. - Who was Ernst Renan?
Ernst Renan was a French philosopher. - When and where did Ernst Renan deliver his famous lecture?
Ernst Renan delivered his lecture in 1882 at the University of Sorbonne. - Under what title was Ernst Renan’s lecture published?
Renan’s lecture was published as an essay titled “What is a Nation?” - What did Ernst Renan criticise in his essay?
Ernst Renan criticised the ideas that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory. - According to Renan, what is a nation?
According to Renan, a nation is a large-scale solidarity; it is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice, and devotion. - What is a plebiscite?
A plebiscite is a direct vote by which the people of a region accept or reject a proposal. - What did Renan argue would happen if the world had only one law and one ruler?
Renan argued that if the world had only one law and one master, there would be no scope for liberty.
- When did the first clear expression of nationalism occur?
The first clear expression of nationalism occurred with the French Revolution in 1789. - What kind of state was France in 1789?
In 1789, France was a full-fledged territorial state under the rule of an absolute monarch. - What political and constitutional changes occurred due to the French Revolution?
The French Revolution transferred sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. - What declaration did the French Revolution make?
The French Revolution declared that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny. - What did concepts like the ‘fatherland’ and the ‘citizen’ emphasize during the French Revolution?
These concepts emphasized the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. - What replaced the royal standard in France?
A new French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the former royal standard. - Who elected the Estates General after the French Revolution?
After the French Revolution, the Estates General was elected by a body of active citizens. - What was the new name given to the Estates General after the revolution?
The Estates General was renamed the National Assembly. - Which language was spoken and written in Paris after the French Revolution?
French was spoken and written in Paris after the revolution. - What did the revolutionaries proclaim to the peoples of Europe?
They declared that it was the mission and destiny of the French nation to liberate the peoples of Europe from despotism. - Which clubs were inspired by the events of the French Revolution in Europe?
Events of the French Revolution inspired the establishment of Jacobin clubs in many European countries. - Who restored monarchy in France?
Monarchy in France was restored by Napoleon. - What is the Civil Code of 1804 commonly known as?
The Civil Code of 1804 is usually known as the Napoleonic Code. - Which civil code abolished all privileges based on birth in France?
The Napoleonic Code of 1804 abolished all privileges based on birth. - Who was Andreas Rebmann?
Andreas Rebmann was a journalist who lived in the city of Mainz. He was a member of the German Jacobin group. - What slogan did Andreas Rebmann raise?
Andreas Rebmann raised the slogan: “Let the people take their freedom into their own hands.” - What scene did Andreas Rebmann depict on the cover of his almanac?
He depicted the storming of the Bastille fortress by revolutionaries. - What did the Bastille symbolize?
The Bastille was a symbol of despotic rule. - When was the Congress of Vienna established?
The Congress of Vienna was established in 1815. - Who was Carl Casper Fritz?
Carl Casper Fritz was a German painter. - Who painted the scene of the ‘Planting of the Tree of Liberty’?
Carl Casper Fritz painted the scene of the ‘Planting of the Tree of Liberty’. - What is the theme of Carl Casper Fritz’s painting?
The painting by Carl Casper Fritz depicts the occupation of the town of Zweibrücken by French troops. - How did Carl Casper Fritz portray French soldiers in his painting?
He portrayed French soldiers—identified by their blue, white, and red uniforms—as oppressors. - In which language is the message on the Tree of Liberty written?
The message on the Tree of Liberty is written in German. - What is written on the Tree of Liberty?
It reads: “Take freedom and equality from us – this is the ideal form of humanity.” - What is the message on the Tree of Liberty a satire of?
The inscription is a satire on the French, suggesting that wherever they went they claimed to be liberators while opposing monarchy. - How was the French army welcomed initially in Europe?
Initially, the French army was welcomed as harbingers of liberty. - How was Napoleon depicted after his defeat at the Battle of Leipzig?
After his defeat at Leipzig, Napoleon was depicted as a courier returning to France. - What was written on the papers falling from Napoleon’s bag?
Each falling paper bore the name of the territory he had lost.