Population – Topper Notes Population (जनसंख्या) 1. Introduction Population: The pivotal element in social studies. Human beings are producers & consumers of earth’s resources. ‘Resources’, ‘calamities’, ‘disasters’ are meaningful only in relation to humans. Census: Official enumeration of population done periodically. → First Census: 1872. First Complete Census: 1881. 2. Size and Distribution A. By … Read more
Natural Vegetation & Wildlife – Topper Notes Natural Vegetation & Wildlife 1. Introduction Bio-diversity: India is one of the 12 mega bio-diversity countries. Flora: 47,000 plant species (10th in world, 4th in Asia). Fauna: Approx 90,000 animal species. Natural Vegetation: Plant community grown naturally without human aid (Virgin Vegetation). Endemic: Purely Indian species. Exotic: From … Read more
Climate of India – Topper Notes Climate (जलवायु) 1. Introduction Climate: Sum total of weather conditions & variations over a large area for a long period (>30 years). Weather: State of atmosphere over an area at any point of time. Elements: Temperature, Atmospheric Pressure, Wind, Humidity, Precipitation. Monsoon: Seasonal reversal in wind direction during a … Read more
Drainage System of India – Topper Notes Drainage System (अपवाह तंत्र) 1. Introduction Drainage: River system of an area. Drainage Basin: Area drained by a single river system. Water Divide: Elevated area (upland/mountain) separating two drainage basins. (e.g., Ambala separates Indus & Ganga). 2. Himalayan Rivers (हिमालयी नदियाँ) Most are Perennial (have water throughout year … Read more
Physical Features of India – Topper Notes Physical Features of India India has all major physical features of the earth: Mountains, Plains, Deserts, Plateaus, and Islands. 1. The Himalayan Mountains Geologically young & structurally fold mountains. Stretch: Indus to Brahmaputra (West-East direction). Length: 2,400 Km (Arc shape). Width: 400 Km (Kashmir) to 150 Km (Arunachal). … Read more
India: Size and Location – Comprehensive Notes India: Size and Location 1. Location (स्थिति) India is a vast country lying entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. Latitudinal Extent: 8°4’N to 37°6’N Longitudinal Extent: 68°7’E to 97°25’E The Tropic of Cancer (23°30’N) divides the country into almost two equal parts. Island Groups: Southeast: Andaman & Nicobar Islands … Read more
Class 9 Economics Chapter 4 Food Security 📘 Class 9 Economics – Chapter: Food Security in India ⭐ What is Food Security? (Food Security kya hota hai?) Food जीवन के लिए उतना ही ज़रूरी है जितना air (हवा) breathing के लिए.लेकिन Food Security का मतलब सिर्फ “दो time का खाना” नहीं होता। Food Security के … Read more
कक्षा 9 हिंदी पाठ 12 मेघ आए
Class 9 Maths Chapter 9 Circles Assertion-Reason Questions Assertion-Reason Questions Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but … Read more
Class 9 moments Chapter 5 The Happy Prince MCQs 1. How was the statue of the Happy Prince adorned when it stood high above the city? (A) It was made of bronze with emerald eyes and a silver sword (B) It was gilded all over with fine gold, had two bright sapphires for eyes, and … Read more