Class 12 Geography Ch 8 INTERNATIONAL TRADE

1. What was the value of India’s external trade in 1950-51?

(a) Rs. 1,214 crore

(b) Rs. 44,29,762 crore

(d) Rs. 10,000 crore

Answer

Answer: (a) Rs. 1,214 crore

2. What is the percentage growth in India’s external trade from 1950-51 to 2016-17?

(a) 200%

(b) 250%

(d) 3650%

Answer

Answer: (d) 3650%

3. What are some of the reasons for the sharp rise in India’s overseas trade?

(a) Decrease in manufacturing sectors

(b) Restrictive government policies

(d) Market consolidation

Answer

Answer: (c) Liberal government policies

4. In 2016-17, what was India’s contribution to the world trade volume?

(a) 5%

(b) 1%

(d) 0.5%

Answer

Answer: (b) 1%

5. What has undergone a sea change in India’s international trade?

(a) Government policies

(b) Volume

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

6. What is the nature of India’s foreign trade over the years?

(a) Decreasing volume

(b) Stable composition

(d) Decreasing value

Answer

Answer: (c) Changing composition

7. Which sector picked up momentum, contributing to the rise in overseas trade?

(a) Agriculture

(b) Manufacturing

(d) Mining

Answer

Answer: (b) Manufacturing

8. What is the current percentage of India’s contribution to world trade volume?

(a) 2%

(b) 0.5%

(d) 5%

Answer

Answer: (c) 1%

9. What was the value of India’s external trade in 2016-17?

(a) Rs. 1,214 crore

(b) Rs. 44,29,762 crore

(d) Rs. 10,000 crore

Answer

Answer: (b) Rs. 44,29,762 crore

10. What played a significant role in India’s external trade growth?

(a) Restrictive government policies

(b) Liberal government policies

(d) Decreased market diversification

Answer

Answer: (b) Liberal government policies

11. What has been the trend in the value of India’s imports compared to exports?

(a) Imports and exports have equal values

(b) Export value is higher than import value

(d) No significant change in value

Answer

Answer: (c) Import value is higher than export value

12. What is the current scenario of India’s contribution to world economy?

(a) Insignificant

(b) Significant

(d) Negligible

Answer

Answer: (b) Significant

13. Which year experienced a value of Rs. 1,214 crore in India’s external trade?

(a) 1950-51

(b) 1960-61

(d) 1980-81

Answer

Answer: (a) 1950-51

14. What has been the impact of the diversification of markets on India’s international trade?

(a) Negative impact

(b) No impact

(d) Stagnant impact

Answer

Answer: (c) Positive impact

15. What has been the trend in the total volume of India’s import and export?

(a) Decreasing total volume

(b) Stable total volume

(d) No significant change in total volume

Answer

Answer: (c) Increasing total volume

1. What is the primary reason for the decline in the share of agriculture and allied products in India’s international trade?

(a) Increase in domestic consumption

(b) Tough international competition

(d) Climate change

Answer

Answer: (b) Tough international competition

2. Which sector accounted for 73.6 per cent of India’s total value of exports in 2016-17?

(a) Agriculture and allied products

(b) Manufacturing sector

(d) Ore minerals

Answer

Answer: (b) Manufacturing sector

3. Which agricultural products have shown an increase in exports?

(a) Coffee and cashew

(b) Floricultural products and fresh fruits

(d) Traditional items

Answer

Answer: (b) Floricultural products and fresh fruits

4. Which region poses significant competition to India in the export of engineering goods?

(a) North America

(b) Europe

(d) South America

Answer

Answer: (c) East Asian countries

5. What is the major contribution of gems and jewellery to India’s foreign trade?

(a) 50%

(b) 20%

(d) A larger share

Answer

Answer: (d) A larger share

6. What has largely remained constant in the composition of India’s exports from 2015-16 to 2016-17?

(a) Share of agriculture products

(b) Share of ore minerals

(d) Share of petroleum products

Answer

Answer: (c) Share of manufactured goods

7. What is the trend in the export of traditional items such as coffee and cashew?

(a) Significant increase

(b) Slight increase

(d) No change

Answer

Answer: (c) Decline

8. Which year range indicates a period of constant shares for ore minerals and manufactured goods?

(a) 2009-10 to 2010-11

(b) 2010-11 to 2011-12

(d) 2015-16 to 2016-17

Answer

Answer: (d) 2015-16 to 2016-17

9. What has shown a significant growth in exports in recent years?

(a) Agriculture products

(b) Ore minerals

(d) Petroleum products

Answer

Answer: (c) Manufacturing sector

10. Who are identified as major competitors for India in international trade?

(a) North American countries

(b) European countries

(d) South American countries

Answer

Answer: (c) China and other East Asian countries

11. Which sector alone accounted for 73.6 per cent of India’s total value of export in 2016-17?

(a) Agriculture and allied products

(b) Manufacturing sector

(d) Ore minerals

Answer

Answer: (b) Manufacturing sector

12. What is the primary reason for the decline in the export of traditional agricultural items?

(a) Increase in domestic demand

(b) Tough international competition

(d) Climate change

Answer

Answer: (b) Tough international competition

13. What has shown a significant increase in the share of India’s foreign trade?

(a) Agriculture and allied products

(b) Engineering goods

(d) Ore minerals

Answer

Answer: (c) Gems and jewellery

14. Which region poses a significant challenge to India in the export of engineering goods?

(a) North America

(b) Europe

(d) East Asian countries

Answer

Answer: (d) East Asian countries

15. What contributes a larger share to India’s foreign trade?

(a) Agriculture and allied products

(b) Petroleum and crude products

(d) Gems and jewellery

Answer

Answer: (d) Gems and jewellery

1. What were the major items of import in India during the 1950s and 1960s?

(a) Petroleum products and fertilizers

(b) Foodgrain, capital goods, machinery, and equipment

(d) Edible oil and chemicals

Answer

Answer: (b) Foodgrain, capital goods, machinery, and equipment

2. What led to the discontinuation of foodgrain imports after the 1970s?

(a) Success of the Green Revolution

(b) Energy crisis of 1973

(d) Adverse balance of payments

Answer

Answer: (a) Success of the Green Revolution

3. What replaced foodgrain imports in the import basket after the 1970s?

(a) Pearls and semi-precious stones

(b) Fertilizers and petroleum

(d) Electronic goods

Answer

Answer: (b) Fertilizers and petroleum

4. What is the main reason for the steep rise in the import of petroleum products?

(a) Industrial raw material

(b) Better standard of living

(d) International market price rise

Answer

Answer: (c) Rising industrialization

5. What maintained a steady increase in imports due to rising demand in export-oriented industrial and domestic sectors?

(a) Food and allied products

(b) Non-electrical machinery

(d) Capital goods

Answer

Answer: (d) Capital goods

6. What were the main items of capital goods in India’s import?

(a) Pearls and semi-precious stones

(b) Non-electrical machinery, transport equipment, manufacturers of metals, and machine tools

(d) Edible oil and chemicals

Answer

Answer: (b) Non-electrical machinery, transport equipment, manufacturers of metals, and machine tools

7. What declined with a fall in imports of edible oils?

(a) Food and allied products

(b) Electronic goods

(d) Non-ferrous metals

Answer

Answer: (a) Food and allied products

8. What are some of the principal commodities in India’s import during 2016-17?

(a) Pearls and semi-precious stones, gold and silver, metalliferrous ores and metal scrap

(b) Foodgrain, capital goods, machinery, and equipment

(d) Non-electrical machinery, transport equipment, manufacturers of metals, and machine tools

Answer

Answer: (a) Pearls and semi-precious stones, gold and silver, metalliferrous ores and metal scrap

1. What was the highest value commodity in India’s import during 2016-17?

(a) Non-ferrous metals

(b) Petroleum, oil, and lubricants

(d) Edible oils

Answer

Answer: (b) Petroleum, oil, and lubricants

2. Which category had the lowest import value among the given commodities?

(a) Pulp and waste paper

(b) Medicinal and Pharma products

(d) Fertilisers and fertiliser manufacturing

Answer

Answer: (a) Pulp and waste paper

3. Which commodity falls under the category “Medicinal and Pharma products”?

(a) Edible oils

(b) Iron and steel

(d) Chemical products

Answer

Answer: (d) Chemical products

4. What was the total value of imports for the category “Non-ferrous metals”?

(a) 73048

(b) 262961

(d) 159464

Answer

Answer: (b) 262961

5. Which two commodities have values closest to each other?

(a) Pearls, precious, and semi-precious stones; Edible oils

(b) Medicinal and Pharma products; Chemical products

(d) Fertilisers and fertiliser manufacturing; Non-ferrous metals

Answer

Answer: (c) Iron and steel; Pulp and waste paper

6. Which category experienced the second-highest import value?

(a) Pearls, precious, and semi-precious stones

(b) Iron and steel

(d) Edible oils

Answer

Answer: (c) Non-ferrous metals

7. Which category had the highest value after “Petroleum, oil, and lubricants”?

(a) Pearls, precious, and semi-precious stones

(b) Non-ferrous metals

(d) Medicinal and Pharma products

Answer

Answer: (a) Pearls, precious, and semi-precious stones

8. What was the total value of imports for the category “Chemical products”?

(a) 73048

(b) 147350

(d) 33504

Answer

Answer: (b) 147350

1. What geographic advantage does India have in terms of its coastline?

(a) Northern coastline

(b) Long coastline surrounded by sea from three sides

(d) Inland water bodies

Answer

Answer: (b) Long coastline surrounded by sea from three sides

2. What term is often suffixed to place names to indicate a port in India’s tradition of seafaring?

(a) Nagar

(b) Porta

(d) Bandar

Answer

Answer: (c) Pattan

3. When did ports in India become significant gateways for international trade?

(a) Ancient times

(b) Colonial period with European traders

(d) During British colonization

Answer

Answer: (b) Colonial period with European traders

4. How many major ports and minor/intermediate ports does India have at present?

(a) 10 major ports, 150 minor ports

(b) 15 major ports, 250 minor ports

(d) 8 major ports, 180 minor ports

Answer

Answer: (c) 12 major ports, 200 minor/intermediate ports

5. Who decides the policy and plays regulatory functions for major ports in India?

(a) State governments

(b) Private entrepreneurs

(d) Local municipalities

Answer

Answer: (c) Central government

6. Which event significantly affected India’s port scenario after gaining independence in 1947?

(a) Development of railways

(b) Partition of the country

(d) Emergence of European traders

Answer

Answer: (b) Partition of the country

1. **What is the capacity of Indian ports for cargo handling in 2016?** – (a) 20 million tonnes – (b) 54 berths – (c) 837 million tonnes – (d) 10 km wide

Answer

Answer: (c) 837 million tonnes

2. **Which port is situated at the head of Gulf of Kuchchh and developed to cater to the needs of western and northwestern parts of the country?** – (a) Mumbai Port – (b) Kandla Port – (c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port – (d) Marmagao Port

Answer

Answer: (b) Kandla Port

3. **Which port has an offshore terminal at Vadinar to reduce pressure and is designed to handle petroleum and petroleum products?** – (a) Mumbai Port – (b) Kandla Port – (c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port – (d) New Mangalore Port

Answer

Answer: (b) Kandla Port

4. **Which port is the largest container port in India and developed as a satellite port to relieve pressure at Mumbai port?** – (a) Jawaharlal Nehru Port – (b) Kandla Port – (c) Marmagao Port – (d) Kochchi Port

Answer

Answer: (a) Jawaharlal Nehru Port

5. **Which state’s parts constitute the main hinterlands of Mumbai ports?** – (a) Maharashtra – (b) Gujarat – (c) Rajasthan – (d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

6. **What is the main significance of Marmagao Port after its remodelling in 1961?** – (a) Handling petroleum products – (b) Handling iron-ore exports – (c) Largest oil terminal – (d) Container handling

Answer

Answer: (b) Handling iron-ore exports to Japan

7. **Which railway has considerably extended the hinterland of Marmagao Port?** – (a) Delhi Metro – (b) Konkan Railway – (c) Mumbai Local – (d) Kolkata Metro

Answer

Answer: (b) Konkan Railway

8. **Which state is the major hinterland for New Mangalore Port?** – (a) Maharashtra – (b) Goa – (c) Karnataka – (d) Kerala

Answer

Answer: (c) Karnataka

9. **Which port is situated at the head of Vembanad Kayal and caters to the needs of Kerala, southern Karnataka, and southwestern Tamil Nadu?** – (a) Mumbai Port – (b) Kochchi Port – (c) Kandla Port – (d) Marmagao Port

Answer

Answer: (b) Kochchi Port

10. **Which port is known as the ‘Queen of the Arabian Sea’ and has an advantageous location close to the Suez-Colombo route?** – (a) Mumbai Port – (b) Kandla Port – (c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port – (d) Kochchi Port

Answer

Answer: (d) Kochchi Port

11. **What type of terminal at Vadinar has been developed to reduce the pressure at Kandla port?** – (a) Container terminal – (b) Offshore terminal – (c) Oil terminal – (d) Satellite terminal

Answer

Answer: (c) Offshore terminal

12. **Which port is situated at the entrance of the Zuari estuary and gained significance after remodelling in 1961?** – (a) New Mangalore Port – (b) Marmagao Port – (c) Kochchi Port – (d) Jawaharlal Nehru Port

Answer

Answer: (b) Marmagao Port

13. **Which state’s parts constitute the main hinterlands of Mumbai ports?** – (a) Maharashtra – (b) Gujarat – (c) Rajasthan – (d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

14. **Which port is located in the state of Karnataka and caters to the needs of the export of iron-ore and iron-concentrates?** – (a) New Mangalore Port – (b) Kochchi Port – (c) Marmagao Port – (d) Jawaharlal Nehru Port

Answer

Answer: (a) New Mangalore Port

15. **Which port is the biggest port of India and situated closer to the general routes from the countries of Middle East, Mediterranean countries, North Africa, North America, and Europe?** – (a) Jawaharlal Nehru Port – (b) Kandla Port – (c) Kochchi Port – (d) Mumbai Port

< strong>Answer

Answer: (d) Mumbai Port

1. **Where is Kolkata Port located?** – (a) On the Brahmaputra River – (b) On the Ganges River – (c) On the Yamuna River – (d) On the Hooghly River

Answer

Answer: (d) On the Hooghly River

2. **How far is Kolkata Port from the Bay of Bengal?** – (a) 50 km – (b) 80 km – (c) 100 km – (d) 128 km

Answer

Answer: (d) 128 km

3. **Why did Kolkata have the initial advantage in port development?** – (a) Strategic location – (b) Capital of British India – (c) Natural harbor – (d) Modern infrastructure

Answer

Answer: (b) Capital of British India

4. **What problem does Kolkata Port face in the Hugli River?** – (a) Cyclones – (b) Silt accumulation – (c) Tidal waves – (d) Earthquakes

Answer

Answer: (b) Silt accumulation

5. **Which ports have diverted exports, leading to a decrease in the significance of Kolkata Port?** – (a) Vishakhapatnam, Paradwip, and Haldia – (b) Chennai, Visakhapatnam, and Paradwip – (c) Haldia, Chennai, and Tuticorin – (d) Paradwip, Haldia, and Tuticorin

Answer

Answer: (a) Vishakhapatnam, Paradwip, and Haldia

6. **Which port is located 105 km downstream from Kolkata to reduce congestion at Kolkata port?** – (a) Paradwip Port – (b) Haldia Port – (c) Visakhapatnam Port – (d) Chennai Port

Answer

Answer: (b) Haldia Port

7. **What cargo does Haldia Port handle?** – (a) Automobiles – (b) Bulk cargo like iron ore, coal, petroleum, and fertilizers – (c) Electronics – (d) Textiles

Answer

Answer: (b) Bulk cargo like iron ore, coal, petroleum, and fertilizers

8. **Where is Paradwip Port situated?** – (a) Ganges Delta – (b) Mahanadi Delta – (c) Sundarbans Delta – (d) Godavari Delta

Answer

Answer: (b) Mahanadi Delta

9. **What is the main purpose of Paradwip Port’s deep harbor?** – (a) Tourism – (b) Large-scale export of iron ore – (c) Fishing – (d) Container handling

Answer

Answer: (b) Large-scale export of iron ore

10. **Which state is not a part of the hinterland for Paradwip Port?** – (a) Odisha – (b) Chhattisgarh – (c) Jharkhand – (d) Uttar Pradesh

Answer

Answer: (d) Uttar Pradesh

11. **What is the unique feature of Visakhapatnam Port’s connection to the sea?** – (a) Underwater tunnel – (b) Channel cut through solid rock and sand – (c) Suspension bridge – (d) Floating bridge

Answer

Answer: (b) Channel cut through solid rock and sand

12. **Which states constitute the main hinterland for Visakhapatnam Port?** – (a) Tamil Nadu and Kerala – (b) Andhra Pradesh and Telangana – (c) Karnataka and Goa – (d) Maharashtra and Gujarat

Answer

Answer: (b) Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

Answer

Answer: (a) 1859

14. **Why is Chennai Port not suitable for large ships?** – (a) Shallow waters near the coast – (b) Strong currents – (c) Cyclone-prone area – (d) Limited berths

Answer

Answer: (a) Shallow waters near the coast

15. **Which newly developed port in Tamil Nadu was constructed to relieve the pressure at Chennai port?** – (a) Tuticorin Port – (b) Haldia Port – (c) Paradwip Port – (d) Ennore Port

Answer

Answer: (d) Ennore Port

1. What is the primary advantage of air transport in international trade?

(a) Low cost

(b) Suitable for heavy commodities

(d) Ideal for short distances

Answer

Answer: (c) Fast carriage time for high-value goods

2. Why does air transport play a limited role in international trade compared to oceanic routes?

(a) It is unsuitable for carrying heavy and bulky commodities

(b) It is cost-effective

(d) It is slower than oceanic routes

Answer

Answer: (a) It is unsuitable for carrying heavy and bulky commodities

3. How many major airports were functioning in the country as per the Annual Report 2016-17?

(a) 15

(b) 20

(d) 30

Answer

Answer: (c) 25

4. Name four cities where the maximum number of air routes converge in India.

(a) Ahmedabad, Goa, Hyderabad, Jaipur

(b) Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai

(d) Vishakhapatnam, Indore, Patna, Bhubaneswar

Answer

Answer: (b) Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai

5. What is the primary drawback of air transport for carrying goods?

(a) Low speed

(b) High cost

(d) Extensive coverage

Answer

Answer: (b) High cost

6. In the context of air transport, what role do oceanic routes play in comparison?

(a) They are slower

(b) They are cost-effective

(d) They have extensive coverage

Answer

Answer: (b) They are cost-effective

7. What is the major factor that reduces the participation of air transport in international trade?

(a) Fast carriage time

(b) High cost

(d) Extensive coverage

Answer

Answer: (b) High cost

8. Which chapter should be consulted to find out the main features of air transport in India?

(a) Transport and Communication

(b) International Trade

(d) Transport Infrastructure

Answer

Answer: (a) Transport and Communication